ULTRASONIC BASED VEHICLE REVERSE ALARM SYSTEM

Published Thursday 6 October 2011 by gk in  


ULTRASONIC BASED VEHICLE REVERSE ALARM SYSTEM

Objective:

                The objective of this project is to give the reverse alarm for vehicle using the ultra sonic technology.
Scope:
            This project is very useful in vehicle for reverse purpose to indicate the alarm.

Methodology:
                         This project is designed by following blocks

Ø  Micro controller
Ø  Ultrasonic transmitter
Ø  Ultrasonic receiver
Ø  Amplifier
Ø  Signal conditioning unit
Ø  Driver circuit with alarm

        In this project microcontroller AT89C2051 is used to as oscillator to generate the 40KHZ frequency signal. Then the generated frequency signal is given to ultrasonic transmitter.
        The ultrasonic transmitter is constructed with two inverted buffer is connected in parallel. Depending on the frequency the buffer on and off time is varied. Through this way 40KHZ ultrasonic wave is generated and transmitted.
          The ultrasonic wave is hit the nearest object and reflected from the object. The ultrasonic receiver is used to receive the reflected wave. Depends upon the distance of the object the received wave strength is varied.  The received signal is given to amplifier unit. The amplifier unit is constructed with the operational amplifier which acts as power amplifier. The received signal wave is in the form of AC wave form so the amplified signal is given to signal conditioning unit. The signal conditioning unit consists of precision rectifier and comparator. The precision rectifier is also constructed with operational amplifier in which the negative signals are rectified. Then the rectified signal is given to comparator. The comparator is used to generate the square pulse. The square pulse is given to driver circuit. The driver circuit is constructed with transistor which acts as switch to turn ON and turn OFF the alarm.
The ultrasonic transmitter & receiver are fixed in the backside of the vehicle. The transmitter transmits the ray towards receiver. According to the distance the transmitting pulse has been changed. From this, the microcontroller monitors the distance between the object and the car. So if the car comes near the wall or any object. The alarm makes the sound for to indicate the driver for stop the vehicle.

Advantage:
  1. Low power consumption.
  2. Easy to handle.
Application:
This project is very useful upon taking backside the vehicle without any person.





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